What is meant by the "Generalized Other"?

The term "Generalized Other" refers to the idea of an internalized understanding of societal norms, values, and expectations that guide an individual's behavior across different contexts. This concept comes from the sociologist George Herbert Mead, who explained that individuals develop a sense of self and behavior by taking into account how they are viewed by society as a whole, not just by those immediately around them.

Option B captures this meaning accurately by highlighting that the "Generalized Other" encompasses the total expectations of various individuals in society, reflecting a broader social understanding rather than specific interactions. This internalization allows individuals to navigate various social situations by interpreting and anticipating how others might respond to them.

In contrast, the other options focus on more specific or limited perspectives. For example, the first choice implies a direct personal encounter with societal expectations, which does not encompass the generalized aspect. The third choice narrows it down to the influence of friends and family, which represents just a small part of the social environment rather than a comprehensive view. Lastly, the fourth option mentions self-image, which is related but does not fully embody the complete social perspective that the "Generalized Other" represents.